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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)/Carbon Nanotubes Electrospun Scaffolds for Periodontal Ligament Tissue Engineering

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

2 Dept. of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advance Technology in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

3 Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Dept. of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

4 Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

5 Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Dept. of Pharmacology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Abstract

Statement of the Problem: Tissue engineering was an idea and today becomes a potential therapy for several tissues in dentistry such as Periodontal Disease and oral mucosa.
Purpose: Periodontal regeneration is one of the earliest clinical disciplines that have achieved the therapeutic application of tissue engineering. The aim of the presence study was to prepare electrospun Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/1% Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) scaffolds for periodontal regeneration.
Materials and Method: 1% w/v of CNTs was added to the polymer solutions and electrospinning. Physical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and universal testing machine. Chemical characterization of the scaffolds was also assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Biological properties of the scaffolds were also evaluated in vitro by culturing periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) on the scaffolds for 10 days and in vivo by Implanting the scaffolds in rat model for 5 weeks.
Results: Results showed that the scaffolds were mimicked fibrous connective tissue of the (PDL). CNTs improved the mechanical properties similar to 23-55 years old human PDL. In vitro biocompatibility study showed more attachment and proliferation of the PDLSCs for PHB/1%CNTs scaffolds compared to the PHB controls. In vivo study showed that CNTs in the scaffolds caused mild foreign body type giant cell reaction, moderate vascularization, and mild inflammation.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the results showed that the PHB/1%CNTs composite scaffolds may be potentially useful in periodontal regeneration.

Keywords

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Journal of Dentistry
Volume 21, Issue 1 - Serial Number 66
March 2020
Pages 18-30
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