Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
3
Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: Recently, new compound of 3, 5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole has been composed with excellent antibacterial property. Biocompatibility and its effects on mechanical properties of dental composites should be considered before clinical use.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of 3, 5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole as a new antibacterial compound and its effect on the mechanical properties of dental composites.
Materials and Method: In this experimental study, a new antibacterial compound was synthesis by reaction between Thiosemicarbazide and 2, 4-Pentandione and tested on thirty male albino Wistar rats weighting 200-250gr. Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10, each rat received 3 implants of 3,5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole, penicillin v and empty polyethylene tube. A pathologist, who was unaware of types of tested materials and timing, performed the examination of specimens.
The depth of cure and flexural strength of resin composite was measured using Iso4049 standard technique. Compressive strength was determined according to Iso9917 standard.
Results: This compound was biocompatible and there was no significant difference in flexural strength and compressive strength of the composites containing 1% of this compound with the control group (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The 3, 5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole with a concentration of 1% in flowable composites can be very effective in preventing secondary caries.
Keywords
1.
Li F, Weir MD, Chen J, Xu HH. Comparison of quaternary ammonium-containing with nano-silver-containing adhesive in antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity. Dent Mater. 2013; 29: 450–461. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
2.
Tanner J, Vallittu PK, Söderling E. Effect of water storage of E-glass fiber-reinforced composite on adhesion of Streptococcus mutans. Biomaterials. 2001; 22: 1613–1618. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
3.
Tanner J, Carlén A, Söderling E, Vallittu PK. Adsorption of parotid saliva proteins and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 21752 to dental fiber-reinforced composites. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2003; 66: 391–398. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
4.
Skjörland KK. Plaque accumulation on different dental filling materials. Scand J Dent Res. 1973; 81: 538–542. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
5.
Skjorland KK. Bacterial accumulation on silicate and composite materials. J Biol Buccale. 1976; 4: 315–322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
6.
Tanner J, Robinson C, Söderling E, Vallittu PK. Early plaque formation on fiber-reinforced composites in vivo. Clin Oral Invest. 2005; 9: 154–160. [Google Scholar]
7.
Eskandarizadeh A, Khabazzadeh A, Mohammadzadeh I, Khaleghi M, Askari A, Saidi A. creating excellent antibacterial properties in flowable dental composites with a new antibacterial compound. Annals Dent Spec. 2017; 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
8.
Garcia Lda F, Marques AA, Roselino Lde M, Pires-de-Souza Fde C, Consani S. Biocompatibility evaluation of Epiphany/Resilon root canal filling system in subcutaneous tissue of rats. J Endod. 2010; 36: 110–114. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
9.
Beck F, Lettner S, Graf A, Bitriol B, Dumitrescu N, Bauer P, et al. Survival of direct resin restorations in posterior teeth within a 19-year period (1996-2015): A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Dent Mater. 2015; 31: 958–985. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
10.
Kovacs A, Nemcsok D, Pokol G, Meszaros Szecsenyi K, Leovac VM, Acimovic, ZK, et al. Structural, spectroscopic and computational studies of the HgL2Cl2 complex (L= 3,5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole) and the crystal structure of L. New Journal of Chemistry. 2005; 29: 833–840. [Google Scholar]
11.
Stanford JW. Recommended standard practices for biological evaluation of dental materials. Fédération Dentaire International, Commission of Dental Materials, Instruments, Equipment and Therapeutics. Int Dent J . 1980; 30: 141–188. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
12.
Yaltirik M, Ozbas H, Bilgic B, Issever H. Reactions of connective tissue to mineral trioxide aggregate and amalgam. J Endod. 2004; 30: 95–99. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
13.
Ozbas H, Yaltirik M, Bilgic B, Issever H. Reactions of connective tissue to compomers, composite and amalgam root-end filling materials. Int Endod J. 2003; 36: 281–287. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
14.
Derakhshan S, Adl A, Parirokh M, Mashadiabbas F, Haghdoost AA. Comparing subcutaneous tissue responses to freshly mixed and set root canal sealers. Iran Endod J. 2009; 4: 152–157. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
15.
Yli-Urpo H, Lassila LV, Närhi T, Vallittu PK. Compressive strength and surface characterization of glass ionomer cements modified by particles of bioactive glass. Dent Mater. 2005; 21: 201–209. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
16.
Cox CF, Sübay RK, Suzuki S, Suzuki SH, Ostro E. Biocompatibility of various dental materials: pulp healing with a surface seal. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1996; 16: 240–251. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
17.
Tavassoli Hojati S, Alaghemand H, Hamze F, Ahmadian Babaki F, Rajab-Nia R, Rezvani MB, et al. Antibacterial, physical and mechanical properties of flowable resin composites containing zinc oxide nanoparticles. Dent Mater. 2013; 29: 495–505. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
18.
Torneck CD. Reaction of rat connective tissue to polyethylene tube implants. I. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol . 1966; 21: 379–387. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
19.
Olsson B, Sliwkowski A, Langeland K. Subcutaneous implantation for the biological evaluation of endodontic materials. J Endod. 1981; 7: 355–367. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
20.
Makkes PC, van Velzen SK, Wesselink PR, de Greeve PC. Polyethylene tubes as a model for the root canal. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1977; 44: 293–300. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
21.
Safavi KE, Pascon EA, Langeland K. Evaluation of tissue reaction to endodontic materials. J Endod. 1983; 9: 421–429. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
22.
Kim JS, Baek SH, Bae KS. In vivo study on the biocompatibility of newly developed calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers. J Endod. 2004; 30: 708–711. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
23.
Bachmann MH, Mathiason-Dubard C, Learn GH, Rodrigo AG, Sodora DL, Mazzetti P, et al. Genetic diversity of feline immunodeficiency virus: dual infection, recombination, and distinct evolutionary rates among envelope sequence clades. J Virol. 1997; 71: 4241–4253. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
24.
Pickett H. Shave and punch biopsy for skin lesions. Am Fam Physician. 2011; 84: 995–1002. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
25.
Sieuwerts AM, Klijn JG, Peters HA, Foekens JA. The MTT tetrazolium salt assay scrutinized: how to use this assay reliably to measure metabolic activity of cell cultures in vitro for the assessment of growth characteristics, IC50-values and cell survival. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1995; 33: 813–823. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
26.
Khoramizadeh MR, Falak R. Basic practical methods in cell cultur J. Masters ed.; Animal Cell Culture: A Practical Approach. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press: New York; 2000. pp. 150–159. [Google Scholar]
27.
Holland R, de Souza V, Nery MJ, Otoboni Filho JA, Bernabé PF, Dezan Júnior E. Reaction of rat connective tissue to implanted dentin tubes filled with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium hydroxide. J Endod. 1999; 25: 161–166. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
28.
Balamurugan A, Balossier G, Laurent-Maquin D, Pina S, Rebelo AH, Faure J, et al. An in vitro biological and anti-bacterial study on a sol-gel derived silver-incorporated bioglass system. Dent Mater. 2008; 24: 1343–1351. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
29.
Van de Loosdrecht AA, Nennie E, Ossenkoppele GJ, Beelen RH, Langenhuijsen MM. Cell mediated cytotoxicity against U 937 cells by human monocytes and macrophages in a modified colorimetric MTT assay. A methodological study. J Immunol Methods . 1991; 141: 15–22. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
)