@article { author = {Torabi, Kianoosh and Farjood, Ehsan and Hamedani, Shahram}, title = {Rapid Prototyping Technologies and their Applications in Prosthodontics, a Review of Literature}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {The early computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems were relied exclusively on subtractive methods. In recent years, additive methods by employing rapid prototyping (RP) have progressed rapidly in various fields of dentistry as they have the potential to overcome known drawbacks of subtractive techniques such as fit problems. RP techniques have been exploited to build complex 3D models in medicine since the 1990s. RP has recently proposed successful applications in various dental fields, such as fabrication of implant surgical guides, frameworks for fixed and removable partial dentures, wax patterns for the dental prosthesis, zirconia prosthesis and molds for metal castings, and maxillofacial prosthesis and finally, complete dentures. This paper aimed to offer a comprehensive literature review of various RP methods, particularly in dentistry, that are expected to bring many improvements to the field. A search was made through MEDLINE database and Google scholar search engine. The keywords; ‘rapid prototyping’ and ‘dentistry’ were searched in title/abstract of publications; limited to 2003 to 2013, concerning past decade. The inclusion criterion was the technical researches that predominately included laboratory procedures. The exclusion criterion was meticulous clinical and excessive technical procedures. A total of 106 articles were retrieved, recited by authors and only 50 met the specified inclusion criteria for this review. Selected articles had used rapid prototyping techniques in various fields in dentistry through different techniques. This review depicted the different laboratory procedures employed in this method and confirmed that RP technique have been substantially feasible in dentistry. With advancement in various RP systems, it is possible to benefit from this technique in different dental practices, particularly in implementing dental prostheses for different applications.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41616.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41616_a1af37c274c6b5176167982634e3cbc2.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharafeddin, Farahnaz and Nouri, Hossein and Koohpeima, Fatemeh}, title = {The Effect of Temperature on Shear Bond Strength of Clearfil SE Bond and Adper Single Bond Adhesive Systems to Dentin}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {10-16}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: Monomer viscosity and solvent evaporation can be affected by the adhesive system temperature. Higher temperature can elevate the vapor pressure in solution and penetration of adhesive in smear layer. Bonding mechanism may be influenced by the adhesive temperature.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-heating on shear bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesives to ground bovine dentin surfaces, at temperatures of 4˚C, 25˚C and 40˚C.Materials and Method: In this experimental study, 60 maxillary bovine incisors were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10). The central part of labial dentin surfaces was exposed with a diamond bur and standardized smear layer was created by using silicon carbide paper (600 grit) under water-coolant while the specimens were mounted in acrylic resin. Two adhesive systems, an etch-and-rinse (Adper single bond) and a self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond) were stored at temperatures of 4˚C, 25˚C and 40˚C for 30 minutes and were then applied on the prepared labial surface according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The composite resin (Z350) was packed in Teflon mold (5 mm in diameter) on this surface and was cured. The shear bond strength (MPa) was evaluated by universal testing machine (Zwick/Roell Z020, Germany) at cross head speed of 1mm/min. The results were statistically analyzed by using ANOVA and Tukey tests (p< 0.05).Results: No significant difference was found between the shear bond strength of Clearfil SE Bond adhesive in different temperature and single Bond adhesive system at 25 ̊C and 40 ̊C. However, there were significant differences between 4 ̊C of Adper single bond in comparison with 25˚C and 40˚C (p= 0.0001).Conclusion: Pre-heating did not affect the shear bond strength of SE Bond, but could promote the shear bond strength of Adper Single Bond.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41617.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41617_d55e667f746dc681aaa554c1a7f34480.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadri, Donia and Azizi, Arash and Farhadi, Sareh and Shokrgozar, Hojjat and Entezari, Navid}, title = {Head and Neck Metastatic Tumors: a Retrospective Survey of Iranian Patients}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {17-21}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: The head and neck region is an uncommon site for metastatic involvement, but it can be the first and only symptom of primary cancer. The incidence of these tumors and their primary origins are limited in Iranian patients.Purpose: Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to investigate the frequency and the common related clinical manifestations, as well as, the most common types of cancers and the prevalent sites of the primary tumor.Materials and Method: All medical records related to patients with history of head and neck tumors between 1991 and 2011 at Iran Cancer Institute were evaluated and the essential information was statistically analyzed.Results: Sixty cases of cervical lymph node metastasis (0.36%) and 26 cases of head and neck metastatic tumors (0.16%) including 17 cases of distant cancer (0.10%) were recorded among all 16232 registered cancers. Out of all distant head and neck metastatic tumors, 4 cases were related to oral and maxillofacial area. Pain, swelling of neck, oral mucosa ulcer and dryness were the chief complaints. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were the most frequent types of cancers. The most common metastatic sites were cervical musculature, scalp and parotid gland, and the most prevalent sites of primary tumor in females were breast and lung in males.Conclusion: According to these cases, the incidence rate of head and neck metastatic tumors seems to be low. However, feasible similarity of clinical presentation of oral metastatic lesions to benign lesions might result in misdiagnosis. Hence, biopsy is mandatory in any case with unusual clinical presentation, especially in patients with a known malignant disease.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41621.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41621_3b381fd6c27950667e72a84537f7d0cf.pdf} } @article { author = {Salehi, Parisa and Pakshir, Hamid Reza and Hoseini, Seyed Ali Reza}, title = {Evaluating the Stability of Open Bite Treatments and Its Predictive Factors in the Retention Phase during Permanent Dentition}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {22-29}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: Orthodontists often find challenges in treating the anterior open bite and maintaining the results.Purpose: This retrospective study was aimed to evaluate the stability of corrected open bite in the retention phase during permanent dentition.Materials and Method: A total number of 37 patients, including 20 males and 17 females, with the mean age of 18±2.1 years at the beginning of the treatment were studied after correction of the anterior open bite. Overbites of the patients were measured from their lateral cephalograms before (T1), at the end (T2) and at least 3 years after the end of the treatment in the presence of their fixed retainers (T3).The mean overbite changes and the number of patients with open bite, due to treatment relapse, at T3 were calculated. The relationship between the pre-treatment factors and the treatment relapse was assessed at T1 and T2. Also the effects of treatment methods, extraction and adjunctive use of removable appliances on the post-treatment relapse were evaluated.Results: The mean overbite change during the post-treatment period was -0.46±0.7 mm and six patients (16.2%) had relapse in the follow-up recall. Cephalometric Jaraback index showed statistically significant, but weak correlation with overbite changes after the treatment (p= 0.035; r= -0.353). No significant difference was found between the extraction and non-extraction groups (p= 0.117) the use and the type of the removable appliances (p= 0.801).Conclusion: Fixed retainers alone are insufficient for stabilizing the results of corrected open bite. The change of overbite in the retention phase could not be predicted from cephalometric measurements. Extraction and use of adjunctive removable appliance did not have any effect on the treatment relapse.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41622.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41622_c529277ea0e1522a5cf9c438ba8e4973.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadeghi, Mostafa and Davari, Abdolrahim and Abolghasami Mahani, Amin and Hakimi, Hamid}, title = {Influence of Different Power Outputs of Er:YAG Laser on Shear Bond Strength of a Resin Composite to Feldspathic Porcelain}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {30-36}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: Porcelain may fracture or chip if exposed to any traumas and can be repaired by using a resin composite.Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the influences of Er:YAG laser on shear bond strength (SBS) of resin composite to feldspathic porcelain.Materials and Method: Seventy-two porcelain blocks were divided into six groups (n=12): G1: no treatment (control group); G2: 9% hydrofluoric acid (HF); G3-6 were separately irradiated with Er:YAG laser using four energy parameters: 2W, 100mj (G3); 3W, 150mj (G4); 4W, 200mj (G5) and 5W, 250mj (G6), respectively; and 20 Hz frequency in long-pulse mode. After silane treatment, a resin composite rod was bonded to each of the porcelain block. The SBS was measured following storage and thermocycling. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tamhane and Chi-Square tests.Results: The highest SBS (12.29±3.04 MPa) was obtained with HF (G2). The lowest SBS (2.23±0.60 MPa) was observed in G4, followed by G3 (1.96±0.76 MPa). G6 had a significantly higher SBS (8.00±2.22 MPa) than other laser irradiation groups.Conclusion: Although, Er:YAG laser irradiation at 5W, 250mJ/20 Hz was effective in promoting adhesion of resin composite to feldspathic porcelain compared with the control group, it cannot be used as a safe alternative method to HF acid. Laser irradiation with the evaluated parameters in this study does not promote an effective adhesion on porcelain surface to create adequate bond for clinical use.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41623.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41623_f0c2be3d2c74a318fbb936edcd38680a.pdf} } @article { author = {Adl, Alireza and Shojaee, Nooshin Sadat and Sobhnamayan, Fereshte and Hashemzade, Mohammad Saeed}, title = {The Effect of Blood Contamination on the Compressive Strength of Calcium-Enriched Mixture}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {37-41}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: In clinical situations, Calcium-Enriched Mixture (CEM) comes into direct contact or even mixes with blood during or after placement.Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of blood contamination on the compressive strength of CEM.Materials and Method: Three experimental groups were included in this study. In the first group, CEM was mixed with distilled water and was exposed to normal saline (control group). In the second group, CEM cement was mixed with distilled water and then was exposed to blood. In the third group, CEM was mixed with and exposed to blood. Nine custom-made two-part split Plexiglas molds with five holes were used to form CEM samples for compressive strength testing (15 samples in each group). After 7 days of incubation, compressive bond strength testing was performed using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test with a significance level of p< 0.05.Results: Nine samples from group 3 were fractured during removal from the molds; the other six blocks had some cracks on their surfaces. Therefore, a compressive strength measurement was not obtainable for this group. No statistically significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2 (p> 0.05).Conclusion: It can be concluded that exposure to blood does not adversely affect the compressive strength of CEM, but incorporation of blood makes the cement very brittle.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41624.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41624_81db9b1dd2cc1f4f792c7d07de6b5937.pdf} } @article { author = {Khojastepour, Leila and Mirhadi, Sabah and Mesbahi, Seyed Alireza}, title = {Anatomical Variations of Ostiomeatal Complex in CBCT of Patients Seeking Rhinoplasty}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {42-48}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: Anatomic variation can potentially impact the surgical safety.Purpose: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of ostiomeatal complex variations based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the patients seeking rhinoplasty.Materials and Method: In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 281 patients including 153 female and 128 male with Mean±SD age of 26.97±7.38 were retrieved and analyzed for presence of variations of ostiomeatal complex and mucosal thickening. All CBCT images were acquired by NewTom VGi scanner with 15×15 field of view, as a part of preoperative recording of patients seeking rhinoplasty in an otolaryngology clinic. Chi- square test and Odds ratio were used for statistical analysis of the obtained data and p< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Agger nasi cells which were seen in 93.2% of the cases were the most common anatomic variation. It was followed by Haller cells (68%), concha bullosa (67.3%), uncinate process variations (54.8%), nasal sepal deviation (49.5%) and paradoxical curvature of middle turbinate (10%). Mucosal thickening were detected in 60.7% of the studied cases.Conclusion: Ostiomeatal complex variations and mucosal thickening are considerably prevalent among the patients seeking rhinoplasty. This study also revealed that CBCT evaluation of paranasal sinuses has comparable result in delineation of the sinonasal anatomy.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41625.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41625_29d5ac0df654cb69d9a245bdc90d9110.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezvani, Mohammad Bagher and Karimi, Mehrdad and Akhavan Rasoolzade, Raheleh and Haghgoo, Roza}, title = {Comparing the Effects of Whey Extract and Case in Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) on Enamel Microhardness}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {49-53}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: With the recent focus of researches on the development of non-invasive treatment modalities, the non-invasive treatment of early carious lesions by remineralization would bring a major advance in the clinical management of these dental defects. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is considered to be effective in tooth remineralization.Purpose: The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the effects of whey and CPP-ACP in increasing the enamel microhardness.Materials and Method: Microhardness of 30 sound human permanent premolars was measured before and after 8-minute immersion of samples in Coca-Cola. The teeth were then randomly divided into 3 groups and were immersed in artificial saliva, whey, and tooth mousse for 10 minutes. The changes of microhardness within each group and among the groups were recorded and analyzed using paired t-test.Results: The microhardness increased in each group and between the groups; this increase was statistically significant (p= 0.009).Conclusion: The effect of whey on increasing the enamel microhardness was more than that of tooth mousse.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41619.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41619_ca2ac6a6f72164d0ab29ca2503ca7909.pdf} } @article { author = {Saffari, Fereshteh and Danesh Ardakani, Mohammad and Zandi, Hengameh and Heidarzadeh, Hamed and Moshafi, Mohammad Hassan}, title = {The Effects of Chlorhexidine and Persica Mouthwashes on Colonization of Streptococcus mutans on Fixed Orthodontics O-rings}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {54-57}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Statement of the Problem: Fixed orthodontic appliances predispose patients to dental caries. Use of mouthrinses has been introduced as the effective way for reducing dental plaque accumulation.Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Persicamouthwash and Chlorhexidine (CHX) on colonization of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) on fixed orthodontic O-rings.Materials and Method: Thirty patients with fixed orthodontic appliances and proper oral hygiene were randomly provided by CHX and Persica and trained to use these mouthwashes according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Sampling was carried out right before and 4 weeks after mouthrinsing treatment. The mean amounts of S. mutans colonies in these groups were compared.Results: Comparison of S. mutans colonization within each group revealed both mouthrinses to be efficient. However, this difference was found to be significant only in CHX group.Conclusion: Persica cannot be a good alternative mouthwash and patients on orthodontic treatment are still recommended to use CHX.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41620.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41620_28bb5627c8a1729cc104339bd255f986.pdf} } @article { author = {Kumar, Santhosh and Suresh P, Gautham and Anand, K. Meena}, title = {A Novel Single-Stage Procedure for Increasing the Width of Attached Gingiva and Eliminating the Aberrant Frenal Attachment}, journal = {Journal of Dentistry}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {58-61}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-6485}, eissn = {2345-6418}, doi = {}, abstract = {Common treatment for buccal gingival recession caused by an aberrant frenal attachment includes elimination of the frenum and treatment of the gingival recession by soft tissue graft to increase the width of the attached gingiva that in turn results in root coverage. Keratinised gingival, if present in adequate amount, maintains the gingival health by protecting the marginal gingiva. This not only considers the desires of the patient but also explores the potential regenerative capacity of the tissues. This report describes a novel single-stage procedure for increasing the width of the attached gingiva and eliminating the aberrant frenal attachment.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41618.html}, eprint = {https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_41618_359a1083c745b210a95235835729f3b5.pdf} }