Assessment of the Capability of Bone Density Contrast Dissociation in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Compared to Digital Periapical Radiography by Using a Phantom

Ghoncheh, Zahra; Kaviani, Hanieh; Ghadiri Harvani, Hosein; Goodarzipour, Daryoush; Shamshiri, Ahmad Reza; Shams, Paria

doi:10.30476/dentjods.2019.44915

Assessment of the Capability of Bone Density Contrast Dissociation in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Compared to Digital Periapical Radiography by Using a Phantom

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Zahra Ghoncheh ¹

Hanieh Kaviani ¹

Hosein Ghadiri Harvani ²

Daryoush Goodarzipour ¹

Ahmad Reza Shamshiri ³

Paria Shams ⁴

¹ Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.

² Dept. of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, and Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

³ Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

⁴ School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.30476/dentjods.2019.44915

Abstract

Statement of the Problem: Assessment of bone density changes plays an important role in diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up procedures. The feasibility of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for assessment of bone density changes is still controversial.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the capability of bone density contrast dissociation of CBCT compared to digital periapical radiography.
Materials and Method: In this in vitro, experimental study, we designed radiographic phantom for bone density simulation. The phantom was a polytetrafluoroethylene rectangular cube with five-chambers. Five micro-tubes (2 mL) containing different concentrations of dipotassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄) were placed within these chambers. Different concentrations of K₂HPO₄were scanned by CBCT; the mean voxel value of each micro-tube was measured and compared with the concentration of K₂HPO₄that represented bone density.
Results: CBCT results showed that there were no significant correlations between 300 mg/mL and lower concentrations of K₂HPO₄and CBCT voxel values (p ≤0.52) but there was a significant correlation between concentrations of K₂HPO₄higher than 300 mg/mL and CBCT voxel values (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: CBCT is a reliable method for the assessment of bone density changes in the high range of bone density but it is not reliable for such assessment in the lower range of bone density. Digital periapical imaging method may not be applied for the assessment of bone density, whereas in higher densities, the employment of CBCT seems to be feasible.

Keywords

CBCT ● Intraoral digital radiography ● Bone density

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