Comparison of Bromelain Enzyme, Sodium Hypochlorite, and Titanium Tetrafluoride on Shear Bond Strength of Restorative Composite to Dentin: An in vitro Study

Sharafddein, Farahnaz; Haghbin, Niloofar

doi:10.30476/dentjods.2019.44990

Comparison of Bromelain Enzyme, Sodium Hypochlorite, and Titanium Tetrafluoride on Shear Bond Strength of Restorative Composite to Dentin: An in vitro Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Farahnaz Sharafddein ¹

Niloofar Haghbin ²

¹ Dept. of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

² Undergraduate Student, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.30476/dentjods.2019.44990

Abstract

Statement of the Problem: Sufficient bond strength of composite restoration leads to its durability and survival; therefore, preparation of dentin surface for higher bond strength is essential.
Purpose: Our aim is to assess the deproteinizing effect of 3% bromelain enzyme and compare it to 4% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF₄) and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) regarding the shear bond strength (SBS) of composite resin to dentin.
Materials and Method: In this experimental study, 40 intact extracted human maxillary premolars were selected, and the occlusal surfaces of the teeth were sectioned at a depth of 2 mm from dentinoenamel junction. The teeth were divided into 4 groups (n=10). In Group 1, the teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid gel. In Group 2, the teeth were etched and deproteinized with 5% NaOCl. In Group 3, the teeth were etched and deproteinized with 4% TiF₄. In Group 4, the teeth were etched and deproteinized with 3% bromelain enzyme. In each specimen, composites with 3 mm diameter and 2 mm height were prepared and cured. The test specimens were then stored in distilled water at room temperature for 7 days before conducting the SBS test (MPa). By universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min, the results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test.
Results: One-way ANOVA test demonstrated that pretreatment of dentin with a bromelain enzyme, TiF₄ solution, or NaOCl was not statistically different regarding SBS to dentin (p = 0.790).
Conclusion: 3% bromelain enzyme can be as effective as TiF₄ and NaOCl and phosphoric acid 37% in terms of the SBS of composite resin to dentin.

Keywords

Sodium Hypochlorite ● Shear Bond Strength ● Bromelain ● ToF4 ● Composite

1. Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 4th ed. Saint Louis: Elsevier; 2016. pp. 481–482, 516-517. [Google Scholar]

2. Sharon SW, Goldblum JR, editors . In: Enzinger& Weiss’s Soft tissue tumors. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2008. pp. 227–228, 304. [Google Scholar]

3. Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RC. Oral pathology: clinical pathologic correlations. 7th ed. St Louis : Elsevier; 2017. pp. 169–171. [Google Scholar]

4. Rosai J, editor . In: Rosai and Ackerman's Surgical Pathology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2011. pp. 47, 65, 2116–2120. [Google Scholar]

5. Stout AP. Juvenile fibromatoses. Cancer. 1954; 7: 953–978. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

6. Seper L, Hoppe P, Kruse-Lösler B, Büchter A, Joos U, Kleinheinz J. Aggressive fibromatosis in the jaw and facial region with bone involvement. A review. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir. 2005; 9: 349–362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

7. Angiero F, Benedicenti S, Stefani M. Fibromatosis of the head and neck: morphological, immunohistochemical and clinical features. Anticancer Res. 2008; 28(3B): 1725–1732. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

8. Lü D, Yue L, Li D, Zeng H, Yang H. Aggressive fibromatosis of the head and neck (A report of two cases and literature review) Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2012; 26: 107–109. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

9. Liu Y, Guan GF, Jin CS, Yang JP. Aggressive fibromatosis of the larynx: case report and brief review. J Int Med Res. 2011; 39: 682–689. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

10. Abikhzer G, Bouganim N, Finesilver A. Aggressive fibromatosis of the head and neck: case report and review of the literature. J Otolaryngol. 2005; 34: 289–294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

11. Owens CL, Sharma R, Ali SZ. Deep fibromatosis (desmoid tumor): cytopathologic characteristics, clinicoradiologic features, and immunohistochemical findings on fine needle aspiration. Cancer. 2007; 111: 166–172. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

12. Seper L, Bürger H, Vormoor J, Joos U, Kleinheinz J. Agressive fibromatosis involving the mandible--case report and review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005; 99: 30–38. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

13. Ferenc T, Wroński JW, Kopczyński J, Kulig A, Sidor M, Stalińska L, et al. Analysis of APC, alpha-, beta-catenins, and N-cadherin protein expression in aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumor) Pathol Res Pract. 2009; 205: 311–324. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

14. Bo N, Wang D, Wu B, Chen L, Ruixue Ma. Analysis of β-catenin expression and exon 3 mutations in pediatric sporadic aggressive fibromatosis. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2012; 15: 173–178. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

15. Lips DJ, Barker N, Clevers H, Hennipman A. The role of APC and beta-catenin in the aetiology of aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumors) Eur J Surg Oncol. 2009; 35: 3–10. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

16. Folpe AL. Fibrosarcoma: a review and update. Histopathology. 2014;64:12–25. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

17. Soares AB, Lins LH, Macedo AP, Pereira-Neto JS, Vargas PA. Fibrosarcoma originating in the mandible. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006; 11: E243–E246. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

18. Wadhwan V, Chaudhary MS, Gawande M. Fibrosarcoma of the oral cavity. Indian J Dent Res. 2010; 21: 295–298. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

19. Yuwanati MB, Tupkari JV. Fibrosarcoma of mandible: a case report. Case Rep Dent. 2011; 2011: 536086. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

20. Wong SL. Diagnosis and management of desmoid tumors and fibrosarcoma. J Surg Oncol. 2008; 97: 554–558. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

21. Bahrami A, Folpe AL. Adult-type fibrosarcoma: A reevaluation of 163 putative cases diagnosed at a single institution over a 48-year period. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34: 1504–1513. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

22. Ng TL, Gown AM, Barry TS, Cheang MC, Chan AK, Turbin DA, et al. Nuclear beta-catenin in mesenchymal tumors. Mod Pathol. 2005; 18: 68–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

23. Flórez-Moreno GA, Henao-Ruiz M, Santa-Sáenz DM, Castañeda-Peláez DA, Tobón-Arroyave SI. Cytomorphometric and immunohistochemical comparison between central and peripheral giant cell lesions of the jaws. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008; 105: 625–632. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

24. Deyhimi P, Hashemzadeh Z. Study of the biologic behavior of odontogenic keratocyst and orthokeratinaized odontogenic cyst using TGF-alpha and P53 markers. Pathol Res Pract. 2014; 210: 201–204. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

25. Gnepp DR. Diagnostic Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck. 2th ed. Philadelphia : Saunders Elsevier; 2009. p. 460. [Google Scholar]

26. Lin XY, Wang L, Zhang Y, Dai SD, Wang EH. Variable Ki67 proliferative index in 65 cases of nodular fasciitis, compared with fibrosarcoma and fibromatosis. Diagn Pathol. 2013; 8: 50. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

27. Clarke LE. Fibrous and fibrohistiocytic neoplasms: an update. Dermatol Clin. 2012; 30: 643–656. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

28. Amary MF, Pauwels P, Meulemans E, Roemen GM, Islam L, Idowu B, et al. Detection of beta-catenin mutations in paraffin-embedded sporadic desmoid-type fibromatosis by mutation-specific restriction enzyme digestion (MSRED): an ancillary diagnostic tool. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007; 31: 1299–309. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

29. Bhattacharya B, Dilworth HP, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, Ricci F, Weber K, Furlong MA, et al. Nuclear beta-catenin expression distinguishes deep fibromatosis from other benign and malignant fibroblastic and myofibroblastic lesions. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005; 29: 653–659. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]