Efficacy of Remineralizing Agents for Prevention of Microhardness Reduction and Change in Mineral Content of Enamel in Anterior Primary Teeth after Exposure to Iron Drop

Tabatabaei Rad, Aneseh Sadat; Tavasoli-Hojati, Sara; Aghaei, Saba; Hoda, Reyhane Sadat

doi:10.30476/dentjods.2024.100763.2247

Efficacy of Remineralizing Agents for Prevention of Microhardness Reduction and Change in Mineral Content of Enamel in Anterior Primary Teeth after Exposure to Iron Drop

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Aneseh Sadat Tabatabaei Rad ¹

Sara Tavasoli-Hojati ²

Saba Aghaei ²

Reyhane Sadat Hoda ¹

¹ General Dentist, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

² Dept. of Pediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.30476/dentjods.2024.100763.2247

Abstract

Background: Some alterations in the enamel structure of primary teeth have been reported following iron drop consumption. The efficacy of different remineralizing agents for this problem is still challenging.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of remineralizing agents for prevention of microhardness reduction and change in primary enamel mineral content after exposure to iron drop.
Materials and Method: In this experimental study, 36 sound primary anterior teeth were assigned to four groups of control, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), fluoride varnish (FV), and CPP-ACP+FV (MI varnish). The baseline microhardness of the teeth was first measured by Vickers hardness tester using 50 g load for 10 seconds. Next, the microhardness was measured after remineralizing agents were applied on the specimens. After the application of iron drop for 5 minutes, and pH cycling for 10 days, the final microhardness of specimens was registered. Specimens were also subjected to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in the control group, after remineralization and after the application of iron drop. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test, and Tamhane’s test.
Results: The final microhardness was significantly higher in all remineralized groups compared to the control group (p Value= 0.003). The final microhardness was significantly hig-her in MI varnish compared to FV (p= 0.027), CPP-ACP (p= 0.03), and control (p< 0.0001) groups. According to EDS, calcium (Ca) and ferric (Fe) content were significantly different between the remineralizing groups and control groups in the final step (p< 0.00001).
Conclusion: Application of CPP-ACP, FV, and MI varnish prior to iron drop exposure can improve microhardness. MI varnish had significantly higher efficacy for this purpose than the other two remineralizing agents.

Highlights

Saba Aghaei (Google Scholar)

Keywords

Dental Enamel

Hardness

Iron Compounds

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Tooth Remineralization

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