Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
Background: Considering the role of vitamin D in regulation of the bone metabolism and the immune system, some have suggested the effect of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in susceptibility to periodontitis.
Purpose: We aimed to determine the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms Fok1, Apa1, Bsm1, and Taq1 and periodontitis.
Materials and Method: In this case-control study, 51 patients with stage Ⅲ periodontitis (case group) and 51 without (control group) were enrolled. Blood samples were taken to analyze the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) after DNA extraction. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17, SNPStats, using Chi-square and t-test.
Results: The allelic frequencies of SNP1 (TaqI) (p Value=0.089), SNP2 (ApaI) (p= 0.481), SNP3 (BsmI) (p= 0.566), and SNP4 (FokI) (p= 0.658) were not different between the groups. Genotype frequencies in the four hereditary models of codominant, dominant, recessive and, overdominant were not different in any SNPs. Of 12 haplotypes identified in the study population, TCbF was most frequent in the case group and tABF in the control group (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: No significant association was found between VDR gene polymorphisms and periodontitis.
Keywords
- Dye BA. Global periodontal disease epidemiology. Periodontology 2000. 2012; 58: 10-25.
- Heller D, Silva-Boghossian CM, do*Souto RM, Colombo APV. Subgingival microbial profiles of generalized aggressive and chronic periodontal diseases. Archives Oral Biology. 2012; 57: 973-980.
- Albandar JM. Aggressive and acute periodontal diseases. Periodontology 2000. 2014; 65: 7-12.
- Kinane DF, Stathopoulou PG, Papapanou PN. Periodontal diseases. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017; 3: 1-14.
- Susin C, Haas AN, Albandar JM. Epidemiology and demographics of aggressive periodontitis. Periodontology 2000. 2014; 65: 27-45.
- Kassebaum N, Bernabé E, Dahiya M, Bhandari B, Murray C, Marcenes W. Global burden of severe periodontitis in 1990-2010: a systematic review and meta-regression. J Dent Res. 2014; 93: 1045-1053.
- Sulaiman L, Saub R, Baharuddin NA, Hasnur Safii S, Gopal Krishna V, Bartold PM, et al. Impact of Severe Chronic Periodontitis on Oral Health-related Quality of Life. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2019; 17: 365-373.
- Laine ML, Crielaard W, Loos BG. Genetic susceptibility to periodontitis. Periodontology 2000. 2012; 58: 37-68.
- Schaefer AS. Genetics of periodontitis: discovery, biology, and clinical impact. Periodontology 2000. 2018; 78: 162-173.
- Prashanthi S, Reshma M, Arun*Kumar*Prasad P, Esther*Nalini H, Renuka*Devi R. Genetic polymorphisms in periodontal disease. Int J Appl Dent Sci. 2021; 7: 252-257.
- Goltzman D, Mannstadt M, Marcocci C. Physiology of the calcium-parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis. Vitamin D in Clinical Medicine. Front Horm Res. 2018; 50: 1-13.
- Skrobot A, Demkow U, Wachowska M. Immunomodulatory role of vitamin D: a review. Current Trends in Immunity and Respiratory Infections. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018: 1108: 13-23.
- Verstuyf A, Carmeliet G, Bouillon R, Mathieu C. Vitamin D: a pleiotropic hormone. Kidney Int. 2010; 78: 140-145.
- Katsonis P, Koire A, Wilson SJ, Hsu TK, Lua RC, Wilkins AD, et al. Single nucleotide variations: biological impact and theoretical interpretation. Protein Sci. 2014; 23): 1650-1666.
- Sahingur S, Xia XJ, Gunsolley J, Schenkein H, Genco R, De Nardin E. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of pattern recognition receptors and chronic periodontitis. J Perio Res. 2011; 46: 184-192.
- Deng H, Liu F, Pan Y, Jin X, Wang H, Cao J. BsmI, TaqI, ApaI, and FokI polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene and periodontitis: a meta‐analysis of 15 studies including 1338 cases and 1302 controls. J Clin Perio. 2011; 38: 199-207.
- Jilani M, Mohamed AA, Zeglam HB, Alhudiri IM, Ramadan AM, Saleh SS, et al. Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis among Libyans. Libyan J Med. 2015; 10: 26771.
- O'leary TJ. The plaque control record. J Perio. 1972; 43: 38.
- Bhatia A, Bains SK, Mehta R. A New Classification Scheme for Periodontal diseases and Conditions: A Review. J Adv Med Dent Sci Res. 2018; 6: 95-98.
- Mobasheri L, Moossavi SZ, Esmaeili A, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Sarab GA. Association between vitamin D receptor gene FokI and TaqI variants with autism spectrum disorder predisposition in Iranian population. Gene. 2020; 723: 144133.
- Pani MA, Knapp M, Donner H, Braun J, Baur MP, Usadel KH, et al. Vitamin D receptor allele combinations influence genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Germans. Diabetes. 2000; 49: 504-507.
- Kinane D, Hart T. Genes and gene polymorphisms associated with periodontal disease. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2003; 14: 430-449.
- Loos BG, Van*Dyke TE. The role of inflammation and genetics in periodontal disease. Periodontology 2000. 2020; 83: 26-39.
- Hienz SA, Paliwal S, Ivanovski S. Mechanisms of bone resorption in periodontitis. J Immuno Res. 2015; 2015:
- Chen L, Li H, Zhang PP, Wang SM. Association between vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and periodontitis: A meta‐ J Perio. 2012; 83: 1095-1103.
- Naito M, Miyaki K, Naito T, Zhang L, Hoshi K, Hara A, et al. Association between vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes and chronic periodontitis among Japanese men. Int J Med Sci. 2007; 4: 216.
- Ji X, Wang Y, Cao C, Zhong L. Assessment of the link between Vitamin D receptor TaqI gene polymorphism and periodontitis: a meta-analysis in a Chinese population. Genet Mol Res. 2016; 15: doi: 10.4238/gmr. 15048883. PMID: 27808388.
- Mashhadiabbas F, Neamatzadeh H, Nasiri R, Foroughi E, Farahnak S, Piroozmand P, et al. Association of vitamin D receptor BsmI, TaqI, FokI, and ApaI polymorphisms with susceptibility of chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on 38 case–control studies. Dent Res J. 2018; 15: 155.
- Wan QS, Li L, Yang SK, Liu ZL, Song N. Role of Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to periodontitis: A meta-analysis of a controversial issue. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2019; 23: 618-633.
- Nazemisalman B, Vahabi S, Sabouri E, Hosseinpour S, Doaju S. Association of vitamin D binding protein and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with chronic periodontitis. Odontology. 2019; 107: 46-53.
- Torbati ES, Tavakkoli N, Amini K. Study of association betweenprs7975232 polymorphism in vitamin D receptor gene and periodontitis by Tetra Arms-PCR. J Dent Med TUMS. 2021; 33: 227-239.
- Hamrun N, Ruslin M, Marlina E, Oktawati S, Saito T, Yusuf ASH, et al. Profile of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism TaqI in patients with periodontitis. Biomed Rep. 2022; 16: 1-8.
- Sun J, Meng H, Cao C, Tachi Y, Shinohara M, Ueda M, et al. Relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and periodontitis. J Perio Res. 2002; 37: 263-267.
- Tachi Y, Shimpuku H, Nosaka Y, Kawamura T, Shinohara M, Ueda M, et al. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism is associated with chronic periodontitis. Life Sciences. 2003; 73: 3313-3321.
- Zmuda JM, Cauley JA, Ferrell RE. Molecular epidemiology of vitamin D receptor gene variants. Epidemiologic Reviews. 2000; 22: 203-217.
)