Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- Haris Budi Widodo 1
- Meylida Ichsyani 1
- Tuti Sri Suhesti 2
- Maulina Triani 3
- Mutia Rochmawati 4
- Putri Ayu Nuryana 1
- Yerima Dian Prastiwi 1
- Ariella Bernadine Erwina 1
1 Dept. of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
2 Dept. of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
3 Dept. of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
4 Dept. of Periodontology School Dental Medicine Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Abstract
Background: An imbalance in the oral cavity's microbial biofilm can lead to dental caries and periodontitis. Torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) possesses antibiofilm properties that may be enhanced through nanoparticle formulation using carboxymethyl chitosan.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the biofilm degradation activity of torch ginger flower extract nanoparticles formulated with carboxymethyl chitosan against oral pathogenic bacteria.
Materials and Method: The experiment was conducted from December 2024 – March 2025 at the Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University. An in vitro laboratory study was conducted with five treatment groups: torch ginger extract nanoparticles at concentrations of 15, 25, and 35mg/mL; a positive control (0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate); and a nanoparticle formulation without extract (formulation control). Biofilm degradation was assessed using the microtiter plate assay method with 1% crystal violet staining. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post hoc test.
Results: All nanoparticle concentrations exhibited significant biofilm degradation activity (p< 0.05) against Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The 15mg/mL concentration showed equivalent effectiveness to 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate against Streptococcus sanguinis; 25mg/mL against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis; and 35mg/mL against Streptococcus mitis and Prevotella intermedia.
Conclusion: Torch ginger flower extract nanoparticles based on carboxymethyl chitosan are effective in degrading oral bacterial biofilms and demonstrate potential as a natural alternative for plaque control.
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